By analyzing the surface structures of biological organisms and extracting various biomimetic circular groove non-smooth surface structures, the sealing ring in the centrifugal pump is used as a carrier to explore the reliability of the application of biomimetic non-smooth surface structures in sealing performance. A computational model is established to numerically simulate centrifugal pumps equipped with different biomimetic circular groove structures for sealing rings. By comparing and analyzing the pump characteristic curves, internal flow fields, and leakage characteristics of biomimetic circular groove structures with different groove group arrangements,The study found that when the groove group radius is 1°, the changes in the head and efficiency of the centrifugal pump are relatively minor. At this time, the centrifugal pump with a biomimetic circular groove structure sealing ring applied under this circular groove structure can achieve the minimum leakage and maximum volumetric efficiency, demonstrating good sealing performance reliability.