RESEARCH PAPER
Total Cost of Ownership analysis and energy efficiency of electric, hybrid and conventional urban buses
| 1 | Kielce University of Technology, Faculty of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7, 25-314 Kielce, Poland |
| 2 | Kielce University of Technology, Faculty of Management and Computer Modeling, al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7, 25-314 Kielce, Poland |
Publication date: 2022-03-31
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność – Maintenance and Reliability 2022;24(1):7–14
HIGHLIGHTS
- We have described a modelling framework for some urban bus routes in Kielce, Poland.
- We have defined assumptions for the conducted TCO analysis.
- We have presented some results of the TCO analysis for different types of urban buses.
- We have determined two factors that have a significant impact on TCO values.
- In our opinion, electric buses represent the highest TCO values among urban buses.
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
From an economic perspective, the purchase cost of an electric bus is greater than that of a conventional one. This results from the additional components of the bus drivetrain and the costly charging infrastructure. However, it should be noted that electric bus ensures greener and more sustainable public transport. The presented study focuses on the economic and energy efficiency analysis of city buses with different types of driving system evaluated forselected urban and suburban routes. The routes differ in terms of the number of journeys per day, elevation, the daily distance travelled, and the daily operating time. The results demonstrate that driving conditions can affect economic efficiency. The Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) method used in the study shows that electric buses represent the highest TCO values among the vehicles taken into account. However, for the TCO calculated for electric and hybrid buses, fuel (energy) costs have a much lower share than for the TCO of conventional buses.
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