RESEARCH PAPER
Analysis of wear of tools made of 1.2344 steel and MP159 alloy in the process of friction stir welding (FSW) of 7075 T6 aluminium alloy sheet metal
More details
Hide details
1
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science Czestochowa University of Technology ul. Dabrowskiego 69, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland
2
Development Projects Office DTR/B Polskie Zakłady Lotnicze Sp. z o.o. ul. Wojska Polskiego 3, 39 – 300 Mielec, Poland
3
Faculty of Civil Engineering Czestochowa University of Technology ul. Dabrowskiego 69, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland
Publication date: 2019-03-31
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność – Maintenance and Reliability 2019;21(1):54-59
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
The study presents an analysis of wear of tools made of 1.2344 steel and MP159 alloy for the process of obtaining an overlap joint
in 1.0 mm and 0.8 mm sheet metal made of 7075 T6 aluminum alloy using friction stir welding (FSW) technology. Tool geometry
was designed at the Czestochowa University of Technology. Evaluation of tool wear was conducted based on the measurements
of geometry of working area of tools by means of a multisensory meter system and based on the assessment of the working area
by means of a stereoscope after individual stages of wear tests. Furthermore, based on the results of a static tensile strength test
and metallographic examinations of the specimens sampled from the joints obtained during tool wear tests, the effect of the degree
of tool wear on joint quality was also evaluated. Analysis of the results revealed that both the tool made of 1.2344 steel and that
made of MP159 alloy were substantially worn, increasing the risk of further use of the tools for the joint material (7075-T6) after
obtaining the joint with length of 200m, which suggests their low durability. Furthermore, modification of tool geometry caused
by wear led to insignificant improvements in joint strength. Therefore, the results of wear measurement set directions for further
modification of tool geometry, also due to the fact that despite a substantial wear, the tools continued to yield high-quality joints
without defects. As demonstrated in the study, the type of tool material does not only impact on tool life but also, as it was the case
in their geometry, has a significant effect on the quality of obtained joints. Although the tool made of MP159 alloy was worn more
than the tool made of 1.2344 steel, it allowed for obtaining the joints with substantially better strength parameters.
REFERENCES (24)
1.
Ambroziak A. Zgrzewanie tarciowe materiałów o różnych właściwościach. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej, Wrocław 2011.
2.
Badarinarayan H, Shi Y, Li X, Okamoto K. Effect of tool geometry on hook formation and static strength of friction stir spot welded aluminum 5754-0 sheets. International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture 2009; 49: 814-823,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j. ijmachtools.2009.06.001.
3.
Burek R, Wydrzyński D, Sęp J, Więckowski W. The Effect of Tool Wear on the Quality of Lap Joints Between 7075 T6 Aluminum Alloy Sheet Metal Created with the FSW Method. Eksploatacja i Niezawodnosc – Maintenance and Reliability 2018; 20(1): 100-106.
4.
Dobrzański L A. Metalowe materiały inżynierskie. WNT, Warszawa 2004.
5.
Don-Hyun Ch, Shae-Kwang K, Seung-Boo J. The microstructures and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AZ31 with CaO Mg alloy. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2013; 554: 162-168,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jall....
6.
Fall A, Fesharaki M H, A Khodabandeh A R, Jahazi M. Tool Wear Characteristics and Effect on Microstructure in Ti-6Al-4V Friction Stir Welded Joints. Metals 2016; 6(11): 275: 1-12.
7.
Firouzdor V, Kou S. Al-to-Cu Friction Stir Lap Welded. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 2012; 43: 303-315,
https://doi. org/10.1007/s11661-011-0822-9.
8.
Hwang Y M, Fan P L, Lin C H. Experimental study of Friction Stir Welding of copper metals. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 2010; 210(12): 1667-1672,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmat....
9.
Kocańda D, Górka A. Nowe technologie łączenia tarciowego metali. BIULETYN WAT, 2010; LIX(2): 395-411.
10.
Lacki P, Kucharczyk Z, Śliwa R, Gałaczyński T. Effect of Tool Shape on Temperature Field in Friction Stir Spot Welding. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 2013; 58(2); 595–599,
https://doi.org/10.2478/amm-20....
11.
Lacki P, Więckowski W, Wieczorek P. Assessment of Joints Using Friction Stir Welding and Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding Methods. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 2015; 60 (3B): 2297-2306,
https://doi.org/10.1515/amm-20....
12.
Liua H J, Fenga J C, Fujiib H, Nogib K. Wear characteristics of a WC–Co tool in friction stir welding of AC4AC30 vol%SiCp composite. International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture 2005; 45: 1635–1639,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijma....
13.
Meilinger Á, Török I. The Importance Of Friction Stir Welding Tool. Production Processes and Systems 2013; 6(1): 25-34.
14.
Meldner B, Darlewski J. Narzędzia skrawające w zautomatyzowanej produkcji. WNT, Warszawa 1991.
15.
Mishra S R, Ma Z Y. Friction Stir Welding and Processing. Materials Science and Engineering 2005; 50: 1-78,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j. mser.2005.07.001.
16.
Myśliwiec P, Śliwa R E, Ostrowski R. Possibility of joining thin sheets of Al, Mg alloys and Ti GRADE 3 in FSW process. Metal Forming 2017; XXVIII (4): 263–280.
17.
Pietras A, Bogucki R. Rozwój technologii zgrzewania tarciowego z mieszaniem materiału uplastycznionego w strefie zgrzeiny. Szybkobieżne Pojazdy Gąsienicowe 2005; 1(21): 147-154.
18.
Pietras A, Rams B, Węglowska A. Zgrzewanie tarciowe metodą FSW stopów aluminium serii 6000. Archiwum Technologii Maszyn i Automatyzacji 2007; 27 (1): 93-102.
19.
Rai R, De A, Bhadeshia H K D H, DebRoy T. Review: friction stir welding tools. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining 2011; 16(4): 325-342,
https://doi.org/10.1179/136217....
20.
Rowe C E D, Wayne T. Advances in Tooling Materials For Friction Stir Welding. TWI and Cedar Metals Ltd. Internet Publication by TWI, Cambridge, January 13, 2005.
21.
Technical Handbook. Friction Stir Welding. ESAB, www.esab.com.
22.
Thompson B T. Tool Degradation Characterization in the Friction Stir Welding of Hard Metals. Graduate Program in Welding Engineering The Ohio State University 2010.
23.
Xu W, Liu J, Zhu H, Fu L. Influence of welding parameters and tool pin profile of microstructure and mechanical properties along the thickness in a friction stir welded aluminum alloy. Materials and Design 2013; 47: 599-606,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matd....
24.
Zhang Y N, Cao X, Larose S, Wanjara P. Review of tools for friction stir welding and processing. Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 2012;51(3): 250-261,
https://doi.org/10.1179/187913....
CITATIONS (10):
1.
Evaluation of Usefulness of AlCrN Coatings for Increased Life of Tools Used in Friction Stir Welding (FSW) of Sheet Aluminum Alloy
Piotr Lacki, Wojciech Więckowski, Grzegorz Luty, Paweł Wieczorek, Maciej Motyka
Materials
2.
Impact of varying tool position on the intermetallic compound formation, metallographic/mechanical characteristics of dissimilar DH36 steel, and aluminum alloy friction stir welds
Pardeep Pankaj, Avinish Tiwari, Pankaj Biswas
Welding in the World
3.
Deep learning approaches for force feedback based void defect detection in friction stir welding
P. Rabe, A. Schiebahn, U. Reisgen
Journal of Advanced Joining Processes
4.
A Novel Approach for the Detection of Geometric- and Weight-Related FSW Tool Wear Using Stripe Light Projection
Michael Hasieber, Michael Grätzel, Jean Bergmann
Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing
5.
A systematic analysis of maximum tolerable tool wear in friction stir welding
Michael Hasieber, Felix Wenz, Michael Grätzel, James Lenard, Sebastian Matthes, Jean Bergmann
Welding in the World
6.
Non-destructive evaluation of the friction stir welding process, generalizing a deep neural defect detection network to identify internal weld defects across different aluminum alloys
P. Rabe, U. Reisgen, A. Schiebahn
Welding in the World
7.
Deciphering the interdependent impact of process parameters in friction stir welding - Part I: an overview of the challenges and way forward
Simeon Babalola, Samik Dutta, Himadri Roy, Naresh Murmu
Materials and Manufacturing Processes
8.
Failure mechanisms of Friction stir welding tools related to process control and tool geometry
Michael Hasieber, Paul Rudel, Martin Sennewald, Torsten Löhn, Michael Grätzel, Jean Pierre Bergmann
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications
9.
3rd International Conference on Advanced Joining Processes 2023
Pascal Rabe, Alexander Schiebahn, Uwe Reisgen
10.
Development and validation of a generalized, AI-based inline void defect detection solution for FSW based on force feedback
P. Rabe, A. Schiebahn, U. Reisgen
Welding in the World