The purpose of this research is to determine the vertical vibration and frequency spectrum transmitted to the rider by electric scooters travelling on different types of road surfaces. Vibration analysis involves the measurement of vibration levels of e-scooter elements, accompanied by the analysis of the Fourier Transform Spectrum and using a t-sample measurement design and a one-sample statistical method. Approach in the research allows overall driver comfort to be assessed through frequency and vibration analysis, considering vibrations received by the hands and the whole body. In addition, the natural frequencies of the electric scooter components and their stability are being investigated to assess vibration transformation. The study includes an assessment of ride comfort and considers potential health implications. The results obtained facilitate the identification of critical risks associated with vertical vibration frequencies transmitted to individuals when riding electric kick-scooters in urban areas with different types of pavements.
REFERENCES(58)
1.
Abadi M, Hurwitz D. Bicyclist’s perceived level of comfort in dense urban environments: How do ambient traffic, engineering treatments, and bicyclist characteristics relate? Sustainable Cities and Society 2018; 40:101–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.....
Bieliński T, Ważna A. Electric scooter sharing and bike sharing user behaviour and characteristics. Sustainability 2020; 12(22): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/su1222....
Borse P, Desale P. Effect of motor vehicle structural vibration on human body – review. International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology 2017; 4(7):145-149. https://doi.org/10.17148/IARJS....
Bozzi A, Aguilera A. Shared e-scooters: a review of uses, health and environmental impacts, and policy implications of a new micro-mobility service. Sustainability 2021; 13(16):1-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/su1316....
Cano-Moreno J, Islán M, Haro F, D'Amato R, Juanes J, Heras E. 2019. Methodology for the study of the influence of e-scooter vibrations on human health and comfort. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality (TEEM'19) 2019: 445–451. https://doi.org/10.1145/336278....
Cano-Moreno J, Islán M, Blaya F. E-scooter vibration impact on driver comfort and health. Journal of Vibration Engineering & Technologies 2021; 9:1023–1037. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42417....
Cano-Moreno J, Cabanellas J, Arenas J, Islán M. Analysis of e-scooter vibrations from health perspective: a case study. Machines 2023; 11(7):1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/machin....
Caspi O, Smart M, Noland R. Spatial associations of dockless shared escooter usage. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2020; 86:1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.....
Christoforou Z, de Bortoli A, Gioldasis C, Seidowsky R. Who is using escooters and how? Evidence from Paris. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2021; 92: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.....
Danilevičius A, Karpenko M, Křivánek V. Research on the noise pollution from different vehicle categories in the urban area. Transport 2023; 38(1):1–11. https://doi.org/10.3846/transp....
Department for Transport. Future of Mobility: Urban Strategy; Department for Transport: London, UK, 2019; 78 p. [Avaible: https://assets.publishing.serv...].
Fern´andez-Heredia A, Monz´on A, Jara-Díaz S. Understanding cyclists’ perceptions, keys for a successful bicycle promotion. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 2014; 63:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.....
Fitch D, Sharpnack J, Handy S. Psychological stress of bicycling with traffic: examining heart rate variability of bicyclists in natural urban environments. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 2020; 70:81–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.....
Garman C, Como S, Campbell I, Wishart J. Micro-mobility vehicle dynamics and rider kinematics during electric scooter riding. SAE Technical Paper 2020; 2020-01-0935: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.4271/2020-0....
Glavić D, Trpković A, Milenković M, Jevremović S. The e-scooter potential to change urban mobility—Belgrade case study. Sustainability 2021; 13(11): 1-29. https://doi.org/10.3390/su1311....
Gössling S. Integrating e-scooters in urban transportation: Problems, policies, and the prospect of system change. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2020; 79:1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.....
Gulino M, Vichi G, Zonfrillo G, Vangi D. Comfort assessment for electric kick scooter decks. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2022; 1214: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-8....
Hardt C, Bogenberger K. Usage of e-scooters in urban environments. Transportation Research Procedia 2019; 37: 155-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpr....
Hosseinzadeh A, Algomaiah M, Kluger R, Li Z. Spatial analysis of shared e-scooter trips. Journal of Transport Geography 2021; 92:1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtra....
Huo J, Yang H, Li C, Zheng R, Yang L, Wen Y. Influence of the built environment on E-scooter sharing ridership: A tale of five cities. Journal of Transport Geography 2021; 93:1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtra....
International Organization for Standardization ISO 2631-1:1997/Amd 1:2010, Mechanical vibration and shock – Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration – part 1: general requirements 2010; 6 p.
International Organization for Standardization. ISO 5349-1, Mechanical vibration – Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-transmitted vibration – part 1: general requirements 2001; 24 p.
Kang J. Ride quality analysis using seated human vibration modeling. Journal of the Korean Society for Railway 2015; 18(3): 194–202. https://doi.org/10.7782/JKSR.2....
Karpenko M, Prentkovskis O, Skačkauskas P. Numerical simulation of vehicle tyre under various load conditions and its effect on road traffic safety. Promet – Traffic&Transportation 2024; 36(1): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v3....
Karpenko M, Ževžikov P, Stosiak M, Skačkauskas P, Borucka A, Delembovskyi M. Vibration Research on Centrifugal Loop Dryer Machines Used in Plastic Recycling Processes. Machines 2024; 12(1): 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/machin....
Karpenko M, Skačkauskas P, Prentkovskis O. Methodology for the composite tire numerical simulation based on the frequency response analysis. Eksploatacja i Niezawodność – Maintenance and Reliability. 2023;25(2): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.17531/ein/1....
Karpenko M. Landing gear failures connected with high-pressure hoses and analysis of trends in aircraft technical problems. Aviation 2022; 26(3):145–152. https://doi.org/10.3846/aviati....
Kazemzadeh K, Sprei F. Towards an electric scooter level of service: a review and framework. Travel Behaviour and Society 2022; 29:149-164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.....
Ko E, Kim H, Lee J, Li Z. Survey Data Analysis on Intention to Use Shared Mobility Services. Journal Advance Transportation 2021; 1: 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5....
Latinopoulos C, Patrier A, Sivakumar A. Planning for e-scooter use in metropolitan cities: A case study for Paris. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2021; 100:1-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.....
Lee K, Yun C, Yun M. Contextual risk factors in the use of electric kick scooters: An episode sampling inquiry. Safety Science 2021; 139: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci....
Liao F, Correia G. Electric carsharing and micromobility: A literature review on their usage pattern, demand, and potential impacts. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 2022; 16(3):269–286. https://doi.org/10.1080/155683....
Lubecki M, Stosiak M, Bocian M, Urbanowicz K. Analysis of selected dynamic properties of the composite hydraulic microhose. Engineering Failure Analysis 2021; (125): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engf....
Macioszek E, Cieśla M, Granà A. Future development of an energy-efficient electric scooter sharing system based on a stakeholder analysis method. Energies. 2023; 16(1):1-24. https://doi.org/10.3390/en1601....
Mitra R, Hess P. Who are the potential users of shared e-scooters? An examination of socio-demographic, attitudinal and environmental factors. Travel Behaviour and Society 2021; 23:100–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.....
Noland R. Scootin’ in the rain: Does weather affect micromobility? Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice 2021; 149:114–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.....
Qiu Y, Griffin M. Transmission of fore–aft vibration to a car seat using field tests and laboratory simulation. Journal of sound and vibration 2003; 264(1):135-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-....
Ren W, Peng B, Shen J, Li Y, Yu Y. Study on vibration characteristics and human riding comfort of a special equipment cab. Journal of Sensors 2018; 7140610: 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7....
Sejdić E, Djurović I, Jiang J. Time-frequency feature representation using energy concentration: An overview of recent advances. Digital Signal Processing 2009; 19 (1): 153–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.....
Shivakumara B, Sridhar V. Study of vibration and its effects on health of a two wheeler rider. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology 2013; 2(8): 1-4. ISSN 0972-5997.
Stosiak M. Ways of reducing the impact of mechanical vibrations on hydraulic valves. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering 2015; 15(2): 392-400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme....
Transportation Research Board of National Academic. Highway Capacity Manual, Sixth Edition: A Guide for Multimodal Mobility Analysis. TRB 2016; 147 p. ISBN 978-0-309-36997-8.
Whitham E, Griffin M. The effects of vibration frequency and direction on the location of areas of discomfort caused by whole-body vibration. Applied Ergonomics 1978; 9(4):231-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-6....
Wolfgang R, Burgess-Limerick R. Whole-body vibration exposure of haul truck drivers at a surface coal Mine. Applied Ergonomics 2014; 45(6): 1700-1704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aper....
Zhang W, Buehler R, Broaddus A, Sweeney T. What type of infrastructures do e-scooter riders prefer? A route choice model. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2021; 94:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.....
Zuniga-Garcia N, Tec M, Scott J Machemehl R. Evaluation of e-scooters as transit last-mile solution. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 2022; 139:1-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.....
Bidirectional Adaptation of Shared Autonomous Vehicles and Old Towns’ Urban Spaces: The Views of Residents on the Present Sucheng Yao, Kanjanee Budthimedhee, Sakol Teeravarunyou, Xinhao Chen, Ziqiang Zhang World Electric Vehicle Journal
We process personal data collected when visiting the website. The function of obtaining information about users and their behavior is carried out by voluntarily entered information in forms and saving cookies in end devices. Data, including cookies, are used to provide services, improve the user experience and to analyze the traffic in accordance with the Privacy policy. Data are also collected and processed by Google Analytics tool (more).
You can change cookies settings in your browser. Restricted use of cookies in the browser configuration may affect some functionalities of the website.